Imikhawulo emisha kahulumeni waseChina ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla idale ukuthi abahlinzeki abambalwa be-Apple, Tesla nezinye izinkampani ukuthi bamise okwesikhashana ukukhiqizwa ezimbonini eziningi zaseChina.
Ngokwemibiko, okungenani zingu-15 izinkampani ezisohlwini lwaseShayina ezikhiqiza izinto ezahlukene kanye nezimpahla ezithi zimise ukukhiqiza ngenxa yokushoda kukagesi.
Ezinsukwini ezisanda kwedlula, ukuphela kukagesi kanye nokucinywa kukagesi kwehlise ijubane noma kwavala izimboni kulo lonke elaseShayina, kwabeka izinsongo ezintsha emnothweni waseShayina, futhi kungase kuphinde kuvimbele ukuhlinzekwa kwempahla emhlabeni wonke ngaphambi kwenkathi ebalulekile yokuthenga kaKhisimusi eNtshonalanga.
Abahlinzeki abaningana be-Apple, Tesla kanye nezinye izinkampani bamise okwesikhashana ukukhiqizwa ezimbonini eziningi zaseShayina ukuze kuhambisane nezidingo eziqinile zokonga amandla nokubeka engcupheni uchungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwemikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi phakathi nenkathi ephezulu. Lesi sinyathelo siyingxenye yemikhawulo emisha kahulumeni waseChina ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla ezweni.
Ngokuqondene ne-Apple, isikhathi sibalulekile, ngoba umdondoshiya wezobuchwepheshe usanda kukhipha uchungechunge lwawo lwakamuva lwe-iPhone 13, futhi njengoba umnqamulajuqu wokulethwa kwamamodeli amasha we-iPhone ubambezelekile, ama-backorders ayanda. Yize kungebona bonke abahlinzeki be-Apple abathintekayo, inqubo yokukhiqiza izingxenye ezinjengamabhodi omama nezipikha imisiwe izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Ngokusho kwabahlaziyi, ukukhula komnotho wezwe kukhinyabezwa wukulahleka komkhiqizo okudalwa wukunqamuka kukagesi. Kodwa-ke, ngokusho kweReuters, abenzi bama-chip ababili abakhulu baseTaiwan, abakhiqizi bama-chip i-United Microelectronics kanye ne-TSMC, bathi izimboni zabo eChina zisebenza ngokujwayelekile.
I-China ingumthengi omkhulu wamandla emhlabeni futhi ikhiqiza isikhutha esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Uhulumeni wase-China uvale okwesikhashana ugesi ezindaweni eziningi ezinkulu zokukhiqiza, ngokusobala ukuze kuncishiswe amanani akhuphukayo kubasebenzisi bamandla futhi kuncishiswe ukukhishwa kwegesi.
Ngokombiko wakamuva, inkampani yakwa-Apple i-Unimicron Technology Corp yamemezela ngoSepthemba 26 ukuthi izinkampani ezingaphansi kwayo ezintathu eChina zizomisa ukukhiqiza kusukela emini ngoSepthemba 26 kuze kube phakathi kwamabili ngoSepthemba 30 ukuze zihambisane nenqubomgomo kahulumeni wendawo yokunqanda amandla. Ngokufanayo, umphakeli wengxenye yesipika se-iPhone yakwa-Apple kanye nomnikazi wemboni yokukhiqiza yaseSuzhou iConcraft Holdings Co., Ltd. bamemezele ukuthi izomisa ukukhiqiza izinsuku ezinhlanu kuze kube semini ngoSepthemba 30, kuyilapho ukusungula kuzosetshenziswa ukuhlangabezana nesidingo.
Esitatimendeni, inkampani engaphansi kwe-Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd. (Foxconn) yaseTaiwan i-Eson Precision Ind Co Ltd ithe ukukhiqizwa embonini yayo yaseKunshan kuzomiswa kuze kube u-Okthoba 1. Ngokombiko we-Reuters, umthombo uthe isitshalo sikaFoxconn iKunshan sibe nomthelela “omncane kakhulu” ekukhiqizeni.
Omunye wemithombo wengeze ngokuthi i-Foxconn kwadingeka "ilungise" ingxenye encane yekhono layo lokukhiqiza lapho, kuhlanganise nokukhiqizwa kwamalaptop angewona ama-Apple, kodwa ibhizinisi alizange libone umthelela obalulekile kwezinye izikhungo ezinkulu zokukhiqiza eChina. Kodwa-ke, omunye umuntu uthe inkampani bekufanele isuse amashifu abanye abasebenzi baseKunshan kusukela ekupheleni kukaSepthemba kuya ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba.
Kusukela ngo-2011, iChina ishise amalahle amaningi ukwedlula wonke amanye amazwe ehlangene. Ngokusho kwedatha evela enkampanini kawoyela i-BP, i-China yabalelwa ku-24% wokusetshenziswa kwamandla omhlaba ngo-2018. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ngo-2040, i-China isazohamba phambili ohlwini, ibalwa ku-22% wokusetshenziswa komhlaba wonke.
Uhulumeni waseShayina ukhiphe uhlelo lokuthuthukiswa kwamandla kagesi avuselelekayo ngoZibandlela wezi-2016 njengesengezo “soHlelo Lweminyaka Eyi-13 Lweminyaka Emihlanu” lokuthuthukiswa kwenhlalo-mnotho, oluhlanganisa isikhathi sowezi-2016-20. Yazibophezela ukuthi izonyusa ingxenye yamandla avuselelekayo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla angewona awezinsalela kuze kufike ku-20% ngo-2030.
Ngo-2017, ngaphezu kuka-30% wamandla avuselelekayo akhiqizwa ezifundazweni ze-Xinjiang ne-Gansu enyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-China awazange asetshenziswe. Lokho kungenxa yokuthi amandla awakwazi ukuhlinzekwa lapho edingeka khona-amadolobha amakhulu anabantu abaningi asempumalanga yeChina, njengeShanghai neBeijing, aqhelelene ngezinkulungwane zamakhilomitha.
Amalahle aseyisizinda somnotho waseChina odlondlobalayo. Ngo-2019, yabalelwa ku-58% wezwe lonke ukusetshenziswa kwamandla. I-China izokwengeza u-38.4 GW wokuphehlwa kwamalahle ngo-2020, okungaphezu kokuphindwe kathathu komthamo ofakwe emhlabeni wonke.
Nokho, muva nje, uMongameli wase-China u-Xi Jinping uthe i-China ngeke isakwazi ukwakha izimboni ezintsha zokuphehla ugesi ngamalahle phesheya kwezilwandle. Izwe linqume ukukhulisa ukuthembela kwalo kweminye imithombo yamandla futhi lifunge ukuthi lizothola ukungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni ngo-2060.
Ngokusho kweReuters, ukutholakala kwamalahle okwanele, izindinganiso eziqinile zokukhipha umoya, kanye nesidingo esinamandla esivela emafekthri nezimboni kwenze amanani entengo amalahle aqopha phezulu futhi kwenze iChina yabekela imingcele ukusetshenziswa kwawo.
Kusukela okungenani ngoMashi 2021, lapho iziphathimandla zeSifundazwe Sase-Inner Mongolia ziyala izimboni ezisindayo, okuhlanganisa ne-aluminium yokuncibilikisa, ukuba zinciphise ukusetshenziswa kwazo ukuze kuzuzwe okuhloswe yisifundazwe sokusebenzisa amandla ngekota yokuqala, isizinda sezimboni esikhulu saseShayina besilokhu sizabalaza ukubhekana nezintengo zikagesi ezingavamile. Vuka futhi usebenzise imikhawulo.
NgoMeyi walo nyaka, abakhiqizi e-Guangdong yase-China nasemazweni amakhulu athumela impahla kwamanye amazwe bathola izidingo ezifanayo zokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa ngenxa yesimo sezulu esishisayo namazinga aphansi kunalawo avamile okukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi ngamanzi, okubangele ukushuba kwesimo segridi.
Ngokolwazi oluvela kuKhomishana Kazwelonke Yokuthuthukiswa Nezinguquko (i-NDRC), i-ejensi eyinhloko yokuhlela yase-China, ziyi-10 kuphela izifunda ezingama-30 ezweni lase-China ezifinyelele imigomo yokonga ugesi ezinyangeni zokuqala eziyisithupha zika-2021.
Le nhlangano iphinde yamemezela maphakathi no-Septhemba ukuthi izifunda ezihluleka ukufeza izinhloso zazo zizobhekana nezijeziso ezinzima, futhi izikhulu zendawo zizobhekana nokunciphisa isidingo samandla ngokuphelele ezifundeni zazo.
Ngakho-ke, ohulumeni basekhaya esifundazweni saseZhejiang, Jiangsu, Yunnan naseGuangdong banxuse izinkampani ukuthi zehlise ukusetshenziswa kukagesi noma ukukhiqizwa.
Abanye abahlinzeki bamandla bazise abasebenzisi abakhulu ukuthi bamise okukhiphayo phakathi namahora anamandla amakhulu (okungase kuhlale kusukela ngo-7 ekuseni kuya ku-11 pm) noma bavale ngokuphelele izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu ngesonto, kuyilapho abanye beyalelwe ukuthi bavale kuze kube kunesinye isaziso noma kuze kube Ngosuku oluthile, isibonelo, imboni yokucubungula ubhontshisi wesoya e-Tianjin empumalanga yeChina izovalwa ngoSepthemba 22.
Umthelela embonini mkhulu, okuhlanganisa izindawo ezidinga amandla kagesi njengokuncibilikisa i-aluminium, ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi, ukukhiqizwa kukasimende, nokukhiqizwa kukamanyolo.
Ngokwemibiko, okungenani izinkampani ezingu-15 ezisohlwini lwaseShayina ezikhiqiza izinto ezihlukahlukene nezimpahla zithi ukushoda kukagesi kubangele ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kume. Kodwa-ke, akucaci ukuthi inkinga yokuhlinzekwa kwamandla izothatha isikhathi esingakanani.
Ngaphandle kokungabaza, uyazi ukuthi i-Swarajya iwumkhiqizo wemidiya oncike ngokuqondile ekusekelweni okuhlinzekwa ngabafundi ngendlela yokubhalisela. Asinawo amandla nokusekelwa kweqembu elikhulu labezindaba, futhi asilweli ilotho enkulu yokukhangisa.
Imodeli yethu yebhizinisi nguwe kanye nokubhalisa kwakho. Ezikhathini ezinzima kangaka, manje sidinga ukwesekwa kwakho kunangaphambili.
Sihlinzeka ngezindatshana zekhwalithi ephezulu ezingaphezu kuka-10-15 ezinemininingwane nemibono yochwepheshe. Sisebenza kusukela ngo-7 ekuseni kuya ku-10 ebusuku ukuze siqinisekise ukuthi wena mfundi uyabona okulungile.
Ukuba umxhasi noma obhalisile ngemali ephansi njenge-Rs 1,200/ngonyaka kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuthi usekele imizamo yethu.
I-Swarajya-itende elikhulu elinelungelo lokukhulumela isikhungo senkululeko, esingathintana, sithinte futhi sihlinzekele i-India entsha.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-07-2021
