Ukusika i-plasma yerobhothi ehlanganisiwe kudinga okungaphezu nje kwethoshi elinamathiselwe ekugcineni kwengalo yerobhothi.Ulwazi lwenqubo yokusika i-plasma luyisihluthulelo.umcebo
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Konke lokhu kuholele ekutheni imboni iphushele ku-automation.Isitolo esenza ngokuzenzakalelayo imisebenzi yokusika ithoshi yezingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-multi-axis yenze i-robotic plasma cutting cell futhi, ngokumangazayo, yabona izinzuzo ezinkulu.Lokhu kusebenza kuqeda ukuhlelwa kwezandla, futhi umsebenzi obungathatha abantu abangu-5 amahora angu-6 manje ungenziwa ngemizuzu engu-18 nje usebenzisa irobhothi.
Nakuba izinzuzo zisobala, ukusebenzisa ukusika kwe-plasma okunerobhothi kudinga okungaphezu nje kokuthenga irobhothi kanye nethoshi ye-plasma. Uma ucabanga ukusikwa kwe-plasma okurobhothi, qiniseka ukuthi uthatha indlela ephelele futhi ubheke lonke ukusakazwa kwenani. Ukwengeza, sebenza nomdidiyeli wesistimu oqeqeshwe ngumkhiqizi oqonda futhi aqonde ubuchwepheshe be-plasma kanye nezingxenye zesistimu nezinqubo ezidingekayo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi zonke izidingo zebhethri ziyahlanganiswa ukuze kuhlanganiswe nezinqubo zebhethri.
Futhi cabangela isofthiwe, okuyinto ngokungangabazeki enye yezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu zanoma iyiphi i-robotic plasma cutting system.Uma utshale imali ohlelweni futhi isofthiwe kunzima ukuyisebenzisa, idinga ubuchwepheshe obuningi ukuze isebenze, noma uthola ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi esiningi ukulungisa irobhothi ekusikeni kwe-plasma futhi ufundise indlela yokusika, uvele uchithe imali eningi.
Nakuba isofthiwe yokulingisa i-robotic ivamile, amaseli okusika i-plasma e-robotic asebenzayo asebenzisa isofthiwe yokuhlela yerobhothi engaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi ezokwenza ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuhlelwa kwendlela yerobhothi, ihlonze futhi inxephezele ukushayisana, futhi ihlanganise ulwazi lwenqubo yokusika i-plasma.Ukufaka ulwazi lwenqubo ye-plasma ejulile kubalulekile.Ngesofthiwe efana nale, ukuzenzekelayo ngisho nezinhlelo zokusebenza zokusika i-plasma yerobhothi eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kuba lula kakhulu.
I-Plasma cutting complex complex-axis shapes idinga ijiyomethri yethoshi eyingqayizivele.Sebenzisa ijiyomethri yethoshi esetshenziswe kuhlelo lokusebenza lwe-XY olujwayelekile (bona Umfanekiso 1) esimweni esiyinkimbinkimbi, njengenhloko yomkhumbi ogobile, futhi uzokwandisa amathuba okushayisana.Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, amathoshi anama-engeli acijile (anomklamo “ocijile”) afaneleka kangcono ukusika okuyirobhothi.
Zonke izinhlobo zokushayisana azikwazi ukugwenywa ngethoshi eline-engeli ebukhali kuphela. Uhlelo lwengxenye kufanele futhi luqukathe izinguquko ekujuleni okusikiwe (okungukuthi ithiphu lethoshi kufanele libe nendawo yokungena kucezu lokusebenza) ukuze kugwenywe ukungqubuzana (bheka Umfanekiso 2).
Phakathi nenqubo yokusika, igesi ye-plasma igeleza phansi emzimbeni wethoshi ngendlela ye-vortex iye endaweni yethoshi. Lesi senzo sokujikeleza sivumela amandla e-centrifugal ukuthi akhiphe izinhlayiya ezisindayo kukholomu yegesi aye endaweni ezungezile yembobo yombhobho futhi ivikela ukuhlanganiswa kwethoshi ekugelezeni kwama-electron ashisayo. 1,100 degrees Celsius.Okusetshenziswayo kudinga ukuvikelwa, futhi ungqimba oluvikelayo lwezinhlayiya ezinzima lunikeza ukuvikeleka.
Umfanekiso 1. Izindikimba zethoshi ezijwayelekile zenzelwe ukusika insimbi yeshidi.Ukusebenzisa ithoshi efanayo ekusetshenzisweni kwama-eksisi amaningi kwandisa amathuba okushayisana nocezu lokusebenza.
I-swirl yenza uhlangothi olulodwa lokusikwa lushise kakhulu kunolunye.Amathoshi anegesi ejikelezayo elandela iwashi ngokuvamile abeka uhlangothi olushisayo lokusikwa ngakwesokudla kwe-arc (uma ibukwa phezulu lapho kusike khona).Lokhu kusho ukuthi unjiniyela wenqubo usebenza kanzima ukuze athuthukise uhlangothi oluhle lokusikeka futhi acabange ukuthi uhlangothi olubi (kwesokunxele) luzoba yizicucu (bona).
Izici zangaphakathi zidinga ukunqunywa ngendlela ephikisana newashi, ohlangothini olushisayo lwe-plasma lwenza ukusika okuhlanzekile ngakwesokudla (ingxenye enqenqemeni yohlangothi). Esikhundleni salokho, umjikelezo wengxenye udinga ukusika ngendlela yewashi.Uma ithoshi lisike ngendlela engafanele, lingakwazi ukudala i-taper enkulu kuphrofayili enqunyiwe futhi ikhulise imfucumfucu onqenqemeni lwengxenye, ukusika kwe-scgood "ukusika" kwengxenye yakho.
Qaphela ukuthi amathebula amaningi okusika amaphaneli e-plasma anobuhlakani benqubo obakhelwe kusilawuli ngokuphathelene nesiqondiso se-arc cut.Kodwa emkhakheni wamarobhothi, le mininingwane ayaziwa noma ayaziwa, futhi awakashumeki kusilawuli serobhothi esijwayelekile - ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuba nesoftware yokuhlela irobhothi engaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi enolwazi lwenqubo eshumekiwe ye-plasma.
Ukunyakaza kwethoshi okusetshenziselwa ukubhoboza insimbi kunomphumela oqondile ezintweni ezisetshenziswayo zokusika i-plasma.Uma ithoshi ye-plasma ibhoboza ishidi ekujuleni kokusika (eduze kakhulu nendawo yokusebenza), ukuhlehla kwensimbi encibilikisiwe kungalimaza ngokushesha isihlangu kanye nombhobho.Lokhu kubangela izinga elibi elinqunyiwe kanye nokunciphisa ukuphila okusebenzisekayo.
Futhi, lokhu akuvamile ukwenzeka ezinhlelweni zokusika zensimbi ene-gantry, njengoba izinga eliphezulu lobuchwepheshe bethoshi selakhelwe kusilawuli.U-opharetha ucindezela inkinobho ukuqalisa ukulandelana kokubhoboza, okuqalisa uchungechunge lwemicimbi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphakama okufanele kokubhoboza.
Okokuqala, ithoshi lenza inqubo yokuzwa ukuphakama, ngokuvamile lisebenzisa isignali ye-ohmic ukuze ibone indawo yokusebenza.Ngemva kokubeka ipuleti, ithoshi liyahoxiswa lisuka epuleti liye ekuphakameni kokudlulisa, okuyibanga elifanele le-plasma arc ukuze lidlulisele endaweni yokusebenza.Uma i-arc ye-plasma idluliswa, ingashisa ngokuphelele. futhi kude ne-blowback yezinto ezincibilikisiwe.Ithoshi ligcina leli banga kuze kube yilapho i-plasma arc ingena ngokuphelele epuletini.Ngemva kokuba ukubambezeleka kokubhoboza sekuqediwe, ithoshi yehlela phansi ibheke epuleti lensimbi bese iqala umnyakazo wokusika (bheka Umfanekiso 4).
Futhi, konke lokhu kuhlakanipha kuvame ukwakhelwa kusilawuli se-plasma esisetshenziselwa ukusika amashidi, hhayi isilawuli serobhothi.Ukusikwa kwerobhothi nakho kunolunye ungqimba oluyinkimbinkimbi.Ukubhoboza endaweni engalungile kubi ngokwanele, kodwa lapho usika ubujamo obunama-axis amaningi, ithoshi lingase lingabi endleleni engcono kakhulu ye-workpiece kanye nogqinsi lwezinto. ukuphila okusebenzisekayo.Ukwengeza, ukubhoboza ucezu lokusebenza olujikijelwe endaweni engafanele kungabeka ukuhlangana kwethoshi eduze kakhulu nendawo yokusebenza, kuyibeke obala ekuncibilikeni kwe-blowback futhi kubangele ukwehluleka ngaphambi kwesikhathi (bheka Umfanekiso 5).
Cabangela uhlelo lokusebenza lokusika i-plasma yerobhothi oluhlanganisa ukugoba ikhanda lomkhumbi wokucindezela.Ngokufana nokusika kweshidi, ithoshi yerobhothi kufanele ibekwe i-perpendicular endaweni yezinto ezibonakalayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi i-thinnest ye-cross-section engenzeka yokubhoboza. ihlehliswe futhi nge-eksisi yethoshi ukuze ibhoboze ukuphakama, ngokuphepha kude ne-blowback (bheka uMdwebo 6).
Uma ukulibaziseka kokubhoboza kuphelelwa yisikhathi, ithoshi yehliselwa ekuphakameni kokusika.Lapho ucubungula ama-contours, ithoshi lizungeziswa endaweni oyifunayo ngesikhathi esisodwa noma ngezinyathelo.Kuleli phuzu, ukulandelana kokusika kuyaqala.
Amarobhothi abizwa ngokuthi amasistimu anqunyelwe ngokweqile.Lokho kusho, anezindlela eziningi zokufika endaweni efanayo.Lokhu kusho ukuthi noma ubani ofundisa irobhothi ukunyakaza, noma omunye umuntu, kufanele abe nezinga elithile lobuchwepheshe, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuqonda ukunyakaza kwerobhothi noma izidingo zomshini wokusika i-plasma.
Nakuba amapende okufundisa ashintshile, eminye imisebenzi ayifanele ngokwemvelo ukufundisa uhlelo olulengayo—ikakhulukazi imisebenzi ehilela inani elikhulu lezingxenye zevolumu ephansi ezixubile.Amarobhothi awakhiqizi lapho efundiswa, futhi ukufundisa ngokwawo kungathatha amahora, noma ngisho nezinsuku izingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Isofthiwe yokuhlela irobhothi engaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi eklanywe ngamamojula wokusika i-plasma izoshumeka lobu buchwepheshe (bona Umfanekiso 7) .Lokhu kuhlanganisa isiqondiso sokusika igesi ye-plasma, inzwa yobude bokuqala, ukulandelana kokubhoboza, nokwenza isivinini sokusika sezinqubo zethoshi ne-plasma.
Umfanekiso 2. Amathoshi abukhali ("akhonjiwe") afaneleka kangcono ukusika i-plasma ye-robotic.Kodwa ngisho nalawa majeometri ethoshi, kungcono kakhulu ukwandisa ubude bokusika ukuze unciphise ithuba lokungqubuzana.
Isofthiwe inikeza ulwazi lwamarobhothi oludingekayo ukuze kuhlelwe amasistimu anqunywe ngokweqile.Ilawula ubunye, noma izimo lapho isiphetho se-robotic (kulokhu, ithoshi ye-plasma) ingakwazi ukufinyelela ucezu lokusebenza; imikhawulo ehlangene; ukuhamba ngokweqile; i-wrist rollover; ukutholwa kokushayisana; izimbazo zangaphandle; kanye nokwenza kahle kwendlela yamathuluzi.Okokuqala, umhleli ungenisa ifayela le-CAD lengxenye eqediwe ku-software yokuhlela irobhothi engaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi, bese echaza umphetho okufanele usikwe, kanye nendawo yokubhoboza neminye imingcele, kucatshangelwa ukungqubuzana kanye nemingcele yobubanzi.
Okunye okuphindwayo kwakamuva kwesoftware yamarobhothi angaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi kusebenzisa lokho okubizwa nge-task-based offline programming.Le ndlela ivumela abahleli bezinhlelo ukuthi bazenzele ngokuzenzekelayo izindlela zokusika futhi bakhethe amaphrofayili amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa.Umhleli angase akhethe isikhethi sendlela ewunqenqema esibonisa indlela yokusika nesiqondiso, abese ekhetha ukushintsha indawo yokuqala nesiphetho, kanye nesiqondiso nokuthambekela kwethoshi ye-plasma ye-plasma ejwayelekile ithoshi ye-plasma noma i-brand iqala i-brand. system) bese iqhubeka nokufaka imodeli ethile yerobhothi.
Ukulingisa okuwumphumela kungacabangela yonke into ekuseli irobhothi, okuhlanganisa izici ezifana nezithiyo zokuphepha, okokulungisa, namathoshi e-plasma. Bese kubala noma imaphi amaphutha e-kinematic angaba khona kanye nokushayisana komsebenzisi, ongakwazi ukulungisa inkinga.Isibonelo, ukulingisa kungase kwembule inkinga yokungqubuzana phakathi kokusikeka okubili okuhlukene ekhanda lomkhumbi wengcindezi.Ikhanda ngalinye lisikeke liba ne-akhawunti yokunyakaza okusheshayo, ngakho-ke ukusika okuhlukile kune-akhawunti yokunyakaza. ukuze uthole imvume edingekayo-imininingwane encane, ixazululwe ngaphambi kokuba umsebenzi ufinyelele phansi, okusiza ukuqeda ikhanda kanye nokuchithwa.
Ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi okuqhubekayo kanye nesidingo esikhulayo samakhasimende kuye kwashukumisela abakhiqizi abaningi ukuba baphendukele ekusikeni kwe-plasma ye-robotic.Ngeshwa, abantu abaningi batshuza emanzini ukuze bathole izinkinga ezengeziwe, ikakhulukazi lapho abantu abahlanganisa i-automation bengenalo ulwazi lwenqubo yokusika i-plasma.Le ndlela izoholela ekukhungathekeni kuphela.
Hlanganisa ulwazi lokusika i-plasma kusukela ekuqaleni, futhi izinto ziyashintsha.Ngobuhlakani benqubo ye-plasma, irobhothi lingakwazi ukuzungeza futhi linyakaze njengoba kudingeka ukuze libhoboze kahle kakhulu, lelule ukuphila kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo.Lisika ngendlela efanele futhi liqondise ukugwema noma yikuphi ukungqubuzana kwe-workpiece.Lapho belandela le ndlela yokuzenzakalela, abakhiqizi bavuna imivuzo.
Le ndatshana isuselwe ku- “Advances in 3D Robotic Plasma Cutting” eyethulwe engqungqutheleni ye-FABTECH yango-2021.
I-FABRICATOR iwumagazini ohamba phambili embonini yokwenziwa kwensimbi eNyakatho Melika.Lo magazini uhlinzeka ngezindaba, izihloko zezobuchwepheshe kanye nemilando yamacala eyenza abakhiqizi bakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yabo ngendlela egculisayo.I-FABRICATOR ibisebenzela imboni kusukela ngo-1970.
Manje ngokufinyelela okugcwele kuhlelo lwedijithali lwe-FABRICATOR, ukufinyelela okulula kuzinsiza ezibalulekile zemboni.
Uhlelo lwedijithali lwe-The Tube & Pipe Journal manje selufinyeleleka ngokugcwele, lunikeza ukufinyelela okulula kuzinsiza ezibalulekile zemboni.
Jabulela ukufinyelela okugcwele kuhlelo lwedijithali lwe-STAMPING Journal, oluhlinzeka ngentuthuko yakamuva yezobuchwepheshe, imikhuba emihle kanye nezindaba zemboni zemakethe yokugxiviza izitembu zensimbi.
Manje ngokufinyelela okugcwele kuhlelo lwedijithali lwe-The Fabricator en Español, ukufinyelela okulula kuzinsiza ezibalulekile zomkhakha.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-25-2022
